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The role of mayor in the bodies of a municipality
Kolářová, Jana ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Millerová, Ivana (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to provide information about the legal status and activities of a municipality mayor. The topic is related to the analysis of municipality organization and relations among its institutions according to the current legislation, as well as the evaluation of the position of a mayor in various situations that he may encounter during the performance of his duties. The thesis can be divided into several parts. One part consists of the first two chapters which describe the development of local governments and their current legislative framework. The next part consists of chapters Three to Five which deal with the specific functions of a mayor, his rights and obligations in various situations, the start and the end of his mandate, and the position of a deputy mayor. The last part is chapters Six and Seven which describe the legislative framework for local governments in Slovakia and the election process of a mayor there. The seventh chapter primarily deals with the problem concerning the changes in the way mayors are elected in the Czech Republic, from indirect election to a direct one. This diploma thesis is an attempt to summarize information related to the topic. It concerns various spheres of activities of a mayor, legislative framework of the function, which...
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Evolution of legal status of Native Americans with regard to their citizenship
Šaník, Jan ; Kýrová, Lucie (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
Právní postavení amerických indiánů prošlo během historie Spojených států amerických značným vývojem, které mělo dopad nejen na jejich suverenitu, ale také na jejich společenský a politický status. Přijímané politiky týkající se Indiánů byly koncipovány tak, aby domorodí obyvatelé neohrožovali teritoriální a ekonomickou expanzi USA. Tyto politiky ovšem nerespektovaly suverenitu a práva původních obyvatel. Práce nabízí podrobnou analýzu právního vývoje amerických indiánů v období od éry kolonizace evropskými mocnostmi až po rok 1924, kdy bylo všem původním obyvatelům jednostranně uděleno americké občanství. Práce je rozdělena na tři části - první část se věnuje období od kolonizace až po založení systému rezervací, druhá kapitola se zabývá periodou asimilace a poslední část práce se zaobírá debatami ohledně občanství pro Indiány, kde je poskytnutý rozsáhlý prostor i pro myšlenky samotných Indiánů. Annotation The legal status of american Indians went through a significant evolution, which had an impact on their sovereignty as well as their social and political status. The policies applied towards the native people were designed in a way that they would not threaten territorial and economic expansion of the United States. As a result, these policies did not respect the sovereignty and rights of...
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Legal standing and powers of mayor in the Czech republic and Schleswig-Holstein (comparison)
Nosek, Miroslav ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Vedral, Josef (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to compare mayoral legislation status and his authority in the Czech Republic and Schleswig - Holstein. Although the main subject of the thesis is legislation status of the mayor each legislation chapter begins with a description of the autonomy constitutional right, municipality organization, and relationship of municipal authorities according to current legislation. The aim of the diploma thesis is to define the status of the mayor and his authority in the rule of law of the Czech Republic and Schleswig - Holstein and then use a comparative method to analyze the legislation differences and identical features. There are several parts of the thesis. In the first part is described legislation status of the mayor and his authority in the Czech Republic. The first chapter deals generally with a municipal and the second chapter is focused on the mayors authority, status, creation of mandate, responsibility and mainly on his competence. In the second part is described mayors legislation status and his authority in Schleswig - Holstein and contains third and fourth chapter. These chapters, as in the previous part, deal firstly with a municipal and secondly with the mayor specifically. In the third part is compared the legislation status of the mayor in the Czech Republic and...
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Legal status of foreigners in the Czech legal order from human rights perspective - legal restrictions and their application
Holá, Eva ; Pavlíček, Václav (advisor) ; Scheu, Harald Christian (referee) ; Jílek, Dalibor (referee)
in English In her thesis entitled Legal status of foreigners in the Czech legal order from human rights perspective - legal restrictions and their application, the author deals with very actual and socially necessary topic of the position of foreigners in the Czech legal order. The main aim of the thesis is to point out the contradictions between constitutional guarantees of fundamental rights and freedoms and their factual situation and to analyze these contradictions. In detail, the text offers analysis of many court decisions from the Czech Republic but also of relevant case-law of the European Court of Human Rights and Human Rights Committee. The author also draws her knowledge of decision-making from her ten- year practice in migration law. The thesis focuses mainly on the legal status of third-country nationals (TCNs), i.e. all non-EU nationals, as with the development of the EU, TCNs remain foreigners or aliens in the true sense of the word. It is true, that with the growing EU legislation on migration have TCNs have certainly gained a more solid status than international law had offered. Specially it concerns guarantees in residence proceedings and related social rights and right to reunification of the family members. However, in the last decades, EU states form their migration policies...
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The role of mayor in the bodies of a municipality
Kolářová, Jana ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Millerová, Ivana (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to provide information about the legal status and activities of a municipality mayor. The topic is related to the analysis of municipality organization and relations among its institutions according to the current legislation, as well as the evaluation of the position of a mayor in various situations that he may encounter during the performance of his duties. The thesis can be divided into several parts. One part consists of the first two chapters which describe the development of local governments and their current legislative framework. The next part consists of chapters Three to Five which deal with the specific functions of a mayor, his rights and obligations in various situations, the start and the end of his mandate, and the position of a deputy mayor. The last part is chapters Six and Seven which describe the legislative framework for local governments in Slovakia and the election process of a mayor there. The seventh chapter primarily deals with the problem concerning the changes in the way mayors are elected in the Czech Republic, from indirect election to a direct one. This diploma thesis is an attempt to summarize information related to the topic. It concerns various spheres of activities of a mayor, legislative framework of the function, which...
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Chꞌongryŏn Organization and ethnic pro-North Koreans in Japan
Andrýsková, Adéla ; Löwensteinová, Miriam (advisor) ; Horák, Tomáš (referee)
Theme of this bachelor thesis is the origin of pro-North Korean General Association of Korean Residents in Japan. Foundation of this organization is a result of several years' process connected with immigration of Korean ethnic minority to Japan after 1910 and subsequent decision of approximately 600.000 of Koreans for residing in Japan 3 years after the World War II. In the first part, I depict a period in the space of years from 1910 to 1955. I describe grounds of stay more than 2 million of Koreans at Japan's territory after capitulation of Japan in the Second World War as well as the effort of Japanese connected with assimilation of Koreans despite their attitude to them as lower subordinates of the emperor of Japan. Next I describe conditions of Korean minority in Japan during the period of the Allied occupation of Japan at the end of World War II. I also introduce the League of Koreans in Japan, which represented and associated the Korean minority. Because of its leftist disposition the League of Koreans in Japan is usually wrongly associated with precedence of the General Association of Korean Residents in Japan. In the second part, I illustrate in more details the legal status of Koreans in Japan and especially the origin, organizational structure, politics and other themes related to the...
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Translating and interpreting services for judiciary practice in Russia (compared to services provided in the Czech Republic)
Rucký, Jaroslav ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Šprcová, Ilona (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the interpretation and translation services for judicial purposes in Russia and systematise the way in which they are used in judicial practice. The investigated topic is handled functionally and descriptivelyaccording to the following criteria: (1) development/historic - a description of the development of translation and interpretation services in the USSR and in modern Russia; (2) legislative - the status of the interpreter and the translator in the judicial process, their rights and responsibilities, formulation of ethical principles of their activities; (3) an objective evaluation - an assessment of the conditions for the exercise of a court interpreter and translator, qualifications and growth, the criteria for the selection of a professional translator/interpreter from agencies, the role of notaries in the translation process and its role in checking translations. Linking these aspects will enable not only a comprehensive view of the situation, but also to compare them with the services offered in the country.
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Legal status of neighbours in the procedures under the Building Act
Šanovec, Přemysl ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Rajchl, Jiří (referee)
The main aim of the thesis is to provide explanation of the legal status of the neighbours in the procedures under the Building Act while working with the contemporary literature and the established practice of the courts. The first part of the thesis is devoted to a description of basic concepts. The first chapter explains the concept of structure and plot. The second chapter is describing the concept of neighbour and the evolution of the concept in detail to provide the best means of understanding the possible problems of the concept's interpretations. The final chapter of the first part explores the means of neighbour's defence against interferences of his rights connected with his real estate with special attention to the essentials of objections, as these are the main mean of said defence, while the factual content of the objections is explained in later chapters within the boundaries of individual procedures. The second part is divided into four chapters each dedicated to a certain field of procedures under the Building Act while focusing the neighbour's point of view. The first chapter describes the application for a planning permission procedure and its alternatives: the public law contract, the simplified procedure and the planning consent. The second chapter follows on with the building...
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The legal status of Japanese-Americans in the USA during the Second World War
Křížek, Jakub ; Labus, David (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of suspension of Japanese Americans' civil rights during the Second World War, particularly on the West Coast of the U.S. The first part focuses primarily on the historical context and reasons to the problem, followed by a description of key legal rules framing the legal status of the Japanese minority in the U.S. and a description of their practical implementation. Finally the most important U.S. Supreme Court Decisions in this matter are introduced, including the most famous case concerning the Japanese Americans - Korematsu v. United States. The thesis also discusses briefly the process of rethinking the entire policy of discrimination in 1980s, resulting into an official apology of the American government accompanied by provision of redress and reparation for affected citizens.
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